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聚丙烯纤维改性及新品种
聚丙烯纤维改性及新品种
Modification and New Varieties of Polypropylene Fiber
聚丙烯纤维具有许多优良的性能，但也有蜡感强、手感偏硬、难染色、易积聚静电等缺点。因此对其进行改性，开发新品种已成为聚丙烯纤维发展的主要方向。
Polypropylene fibers have many excellent properties, but they also have some shortcomings, such as strong wax feeling, hard handle, difficult dyeing and easy accumulation of static electricity. Therefore, the modification and development of new varieties of polypropylene fibers have become the main direction of the development of polypropylene fibers.
(1)可染聚丙烯纤维
(1) Dyeable polypropylene fibers
聚丙烯纤维分子中无亲燃料基团，分子聚集结构紧密，常规聚丙烯纤维一般难染。目前市售聚丙烯纤维大都是通过纺前着色而获得颜色，但色谱不全，不能印花，限制了织物品种的多样化。因此，如何将通常的染色技术应用于聚丙烯纤维，已成为人们关注的问题。目前，已开发出多种可染聚丙烯纤维技术，这些技术大体可分为两类:一是通过接枝共聚将含有亲燃料基团的聚合物或单体接枝到聚丙烯分子链上，使之具有可染性;二是通过共混纺丝破坏和降低聚丙烯大分子间的紧密聚集结构，使含有亲燃料基团的聚合物混到聚丙烯纤维内，使纤维内形成一些具有高界面能的亚微观不连续点，使燃料能够顺利渗透到纤维中去并与亲燃料基团结合。
Polypropylene fibers have no hydrophilic fuel groups in the molecule, and the molecular aggregation structure is compact. Conventional polypropylene fibers are generally difficult to dye. At present, most of the polypropylene fibers sold in the market are colored before spinning, but the chromatogram is incomplete and cannot be printed, which limits the variety of fabrics. Therefore, how to apply the usual dyeing technology to polypropylene fibers has become a concern. At present, a variety of dyeable polypropylene fiber technologies have been developed, which can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to graft polymers or monomers containing fuel-affinity groups onto polypropylene molecular chains by graft copolymerization to make them dyeable; the other is to break down and reduce the tight aggregation structure of polypropylene macromolecules by blend spinning. Polymers containing fuelophilic groups are mixed into polypropylene fibers, and some sub-micro discontinuities with high interfacial energy are formed in the fibers, so that the fuels can penetrate into the fibers smoothly and unite with the fuelophilic groups.
(2)工业用丙纶长丝及高强聚丙烯纤维
(2) Industrial polypropylene filament and high strength polypropylene fiber
工业用丙纶长丝及高强丙纶是指用于服装以外的所有聚丙烯长丝。其生产工艺和用途与服装用纤维有明显区别。通过选用高分子、高等规度的聚丙烯原料，从提高大分子链伸展程度和结晶度着手，合理控制纺丝、拉伸、热处理工艺过程，可获得工业用丙纶长丝或高强聚丙烯纤维。其线密度、模量、强力要求高，断裂伸长率和伸缩率的要求一般都较低。
Industrial polypropylene filament and high strength polypropylene filament refer to all polypropylene filaments except for clothing. Its production process and use are obviously different from those of clothing fibers. Polypropylene filaments or high strength polypropylene fibers for industrial use can be obtained by choosing polypropylene raw materials with high polymer and high regularity, starting from improving the extensibility and crystallinity of macromolecule chains and reasonably controlling the spinning, drawing and heat treatment processes. The requirements of linear density, modulus and strength are high, while the requirements of elongation at break and elongation at break are generally low.
(3)细特及超细特聚丙烯纤维
(3) Fine and ultrafine polypropylene fibers
普通聚丙烯纤维手感较硬，有蜡状感，因此主要用于地毯、非织造布、装饰布和产业用布等方面，服装用数量很小。随着新型催化剂和可控流变性能树脂制造技术的发展，细特、超细特聚丙烯纤维得到迅速发展，也为其服装领域的应用打下了基础。
Ordinary polypropylene fibers have a hard handle and waxy feel, so they are mainly used in carpets, nonwovens, decorative cloth and industrial cloth, etc., with a small amount of clothing. With the development of new catalysts and resin manufacturing technology with controllable rheological properties, fine and ultra-fine polypropylene fibers have developed rapidly, and laid a foundation for their application in garment field.
用细特聚丙烯长丝作为服装用材料具有密度小、静电小、保暖、手感好及有特殊光泽、酷似真丝等特点，并且有芯吸效应及疏水、导湿性，是制作内衣及运动服的理想材料。
Fine polypropylene filament is an ideal material for underwear and sportswear because of its low density, low static electricity, heat preservation, good hand feeling, special luster and silk-like characteristics, and its core-absorbing effect, hydrophobicity and moisture conductivity.
Modification and New Varieties of Polypropylene Fiber
聚丙烯纤维具有许多优良的性能，但也有蜡感强、手感偏硬、难染色、易积聚静电等缺点。因此对其进行改性，开发新品种已成为聚丙烯纤维发展的主要方向。
Polypropylene fibers have many excellent properties, but they also have some shortcomings, such as strong wax feeling, hard handle, difficult dyeing and easy accumulation of static electricity. Therefore, the modification and development of new varieties of polypropylene fibers have become the main direction of the development of polypropylene fibers.
(1)可染聚丙烯纤维
(1) Dyeable polypropylene fibers
聚丙烯纤维分子中无亲燃料基团，分子聚集结构紧密，常规聚丙烯纤维一般难染。目前市售聚丙烯纤维大都是通过纺前着色而获得颜色，但色谱不全，不能印花，限制了织物品种的多样化。因此，如何将通常的染色技术应用于聚丙烯纤维，已成为人们关注的问题。目前，已开发出多种可染聚丙烯纤维技术，这些技术大体可分为两类:一是通过接枝共聚将含有亲燃料基团的聚合物或单体接枝到聚丙烯分子链上，使之具有可染性;二是通过共混纺丝破坏和降低聚丙烯大分子间的紧密聚集结构，使含有亲燃料基团的聚合物混到聚丙烯纤维内，使纤维内形成一些具有高界面能的亚微观不连续点，使燃料能够顺利渗透到纤维中去并与亲燃料基团结合。
Polypropylene fibers have no hydrophilic fuel groups in the molecule, and the molecular aggregation structure is compact. Conventional polypropylene fibers are generally difficult to dye. At present, most of the polypropylene fibers sold in the market are colored before spinning, but the chromatogram is incomplete and cannot be printed, which limits the variety of fabrics. Therefore, how to apply the usual dyeing technology to polypropylene fibers has become a concern. At present, a variety of dyeable polypropylene fiber technologies have been developed, which can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to graft polymers or monomers containing fuel-affinity groups onto polypropylene molecular chains by graft copolymerization to make them dyeable; the other is to break down and reduce the tight aggregation structure of polypropylene macromolecules by blend spinning. Polymers containing fuelophilic groups are mixed into polypropylene fibers, and some sub-micro discontinuities with high interfacial energy are formed in the fibers, so that the fuels can penetrate into the fibers smoothly and unite with the fuelophilic groups.
(2)工业用丙纶长丝及高强聚丙烯纤维
(2) Industrial polypropylene filament and high strength polypropylene fiber
工业用丙纶长丝及高强丙纶是指用于服装以外的所有聚丙烯长丝。其生产工艺和用途与服装用纤维有明显区别。通过选用高分子、高等规度的聚丙烯原料，从提高大分子链伸展程度和结晶度着手，合理控制纺丝、拉伸、热处理工艺过程，可获得工业用丙纶长丝或高强聚丙烯纤维。其线密度、模量、强力要求高，断裂伸长率和伸缩率的要求一般都较低。
Industrial polypropylene filament and high strength polypropylene filament refer to all polypropylene filaments except for clothing. Its production process and use are obviously different from those of clothing fibers. Polypropylene filaments or high strength polypropylene fibers for industrial use can be obtained by choosing polypropylene raw materials with high polymer and high regularity, starting from improving the extensibility and crystallinity of macromolecule chains and reasonably controlling the spinning, drawing and heat treatment processes. The requirements of linear density, modulus and strength are high, while the requirements of elongation at break and elongation at break are generally low.
(3)细特及超细特聚丙烯纤维
(3) Fine and ultrafine polypropylene fibers
普通聚丙烯纤维手感较硬，有蜡状感，因此主要用于地毯、非织造布、装饰布和产业用布等方面，服装用数量很小。随着新型催化剂和可控流变性能树脂制造技术的发展，细特、超细特聚丙烯纤维得到迅速发展，也为其服装领域的应用打下了基础。
Ordinary polypropylene fibers have a hard handle and waxy feel, so they are mainly used in carpets, nonwovens, decorative cloth and industrial cloth, etc., with a small amount of clothing. With the development of new catalysts and resin manufacturing technology with controllable rheological properties, fine and ultra-fine polypropylene fibers have developed rapidly, and laid a foundation for their application in garment field.
用细特聚丙烯长丝作为服装用材料具有密度小、静电小、保暖、手感好及有特殊光泽、酷似真丝等特点，并且有芯吸效应及疏水、导湿性，是制作内衣及运动服的理想材料。
Fine polypropylene filament is an ideal material for underwear and sportswear because of its low density, low static electricity, heat preservation, good hand feeling, special luster and silk-like characteristics, and its core-absorbing effect, hydrophobicity and moisture conductivity.
