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聚丙烯腈纤维生产历程
Production process of polyacrylonitrile fibers
早在100多年前人们就已制得聚丙烯腈但因没有合适的溶剂，
Polyacrylonitrile has been prepared more than 100 years ago, but there is no suitable solvent.
腈纶在显微镜下观察的几种形态。腈纶在显微镜下观察的几种形态。
Several morphologies of acrylic fibers observed under a microscope. Several morphologies of acrylic fibers observed under a microscope.
未能制成纤维。1942年，德国人H.莱因与美国人G.H.莱瑟姆几乎同时发现了二甲基甲酰胺溶剂，并成功地得到了聚丙烯腈纤维。1950年，美国杜邦公司首先进行工业生产。以后,又发现了多种溶剂形成了多种生产工艺。1954年，联邦德国法本拜耳公司用丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯腈的共聚物制得纤维，改进了纤维性能，提高了实用性，促进了聚丙烯腈纤维的发展。1984年，聚丙烯腈纤维的世界产量为2.4Mt。
Failure to make fibers. In 1942, German H. Rein and American G. H. Leitham discovered dimethylformamide solvent almost at the same time, and successfully obtained polyacrylonitrile fibers. In 1950, DuPont Company of the United States first carried out industrial production. Later, a variety of solvents were found to form a variety of production processes. In 1954, the fibers were prepared by the copolymer of methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile in French Bayer Company, Germany. The properties of the fibers were improved, the practicability was improved, and the development of polyacrylonitrile fibers was promoted. In 1984, the world output of polyacrylonitrile fibers was 2.4 Mt.
生产工艺
Production process
聚合 → 纺丝 → 预热 → 蒸汽牵伸 → 水洗 → 烘干 → 热定形 → 卷曲 → 切断 → 打包。
Polymerization spinning preheating steam drafting washing drying heat setting crimping cutting packing.